Research methodology simply refers to the practical “how” of any given piece of research. Research methodology is essential because it structures the research process and ensures valid, effective research is conducted.
As a quick summary, a research methodology encompasses the way in which you intend to carry out your research. A good research report (& proposal) will identify the methodology, not just the method. The methodology should help the researcher decide upon and justify the method.
There are three key considerations in research methodology: Research Philosophy, Data Collection and Data Analysis.
A research philosophy is a belief about the way in which data about a phenomenon should be gathered, analysed and used.
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Data collection is the systematic process of gathering observations or measurements in research. It can be qualitative or quantitative.
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Data analysis summarizes collected data. It involves the interpretation of data gathered through the use of analytical and logical reasoning to determine patterns, relationships or trends.
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